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Poverty as a Challenge (9th)

Multiple Choice Questions

1)Which of the following Indian state has maximum number of people living below poverty line ?

a) Uttar Pradesh

b) Bihar

c) Madhya Pradesh

d) Odisha

2)In which region of the world poverty has risen up?

a) None of these

b) Europe

c) Sub Saharan Africa

d) Asia

3) Which of the following is not included in the most vulnerable group of poverty?

a) Schedule Tribe

b) Urban Casual Laborers

c) Marginal farmers

d) Schedule Caste

4) Which of the following are the components of human poverty?

1. Education

2. Health

3. Shelter

a) Only (ii) and (iii)

b) Only (i) and (iii)

c) All of these

d) Only (i) and (ii)

5) Which of the following states has shown a significant decline in poverty ratio ?

a) Punjab and Haryana

b) Kerala and Andhra Pradesh

c) Punjab and Bihar

d) Orissa and Bihar

6) Which of the following scheme is to create self-employment opportunities for educated unemployed youth in rural areas and small towns?

a) NFWP

b) WRTC

c) AAY

d) PMRY

7) What is NSSO?

a) Nation’s Sample Survey Organisation

b) National Sarva Siksha Organisation

c) National Sample Survey Organisation

d) National Statistics Survey Organisation

Read the source given below and answer the questions that follow:

A) Poverty in India also has another aspect or dimension. The proportion of poor people is not the same in every state. Although state-level poverty has witnessed a secular decline from the levels of the early seventies, the success rate of reducing poverty varies from state to state. Recent estimates show while all India Head Count Ratio (HCR) was 21.9 percent in 2011-12 states like Madhya Pradesh, Assam, Uttar Pradesh, Bihar and Odisha had above all India poverty level. Bihar and Odisha continue to be the two poorest states with poverty ratios of 33.7 and 32.6 percent respectively. Along with rural poverty, urban poverty is also high in Odisha, Madhya Pradesh, Bihar, and Uttar Pradesh. In comparison, there has been a significant decline in poverty in Kerala, Maharashtra, Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu, Gujarat and West Bengal. States like Punjab and Haryana have traditionally succeeded in reducing poverty with the help of high agricultural growth rates. Kerala has focused more on human resource development. In West Bengal, land reform measures have helped in reducing poverty. In Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu, the public distribution of food grains could have been responsible for the improvement.

Answer the following MCQs by choosing the most appropriate option:

1. Which of the following is incorrect?

1. The proportion of the poor is different in every state.

2. Poverty level shows wide variations in different states of India.

3. Urban poverty is high in Uttar Pradesh.

4. All are correct

2. Identify the incorrect pair with respect to the principle measures taken to reduce poverty.

1. Kerala - Human resource development

2. Haryana - High population growth rate

3. West Bengal - Land reform measures

4. Andhra Pradesh - Public distribution of food grains

3. State-level poverty has ________ but the success rate of reducing poverty varies from state to state.

1. remained constant

2. increased

3. declined

4. none of these

4. The given extract throws light on which of the following aspect?

1. Inter-State Disparities

2. Intra-State Inequalities

3. Anti-Poverty Measures

4. Global Poverty Disparities

B) Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act, 2005 aims to provide 100 days of wage employment to every household to ensure livelihood security in rural areas. It also aimed at sustainable development to address the cause of drought, deforestation and soil erosion. One-third of the proposed jobs have been reserved for women. Prime Minister Rozgar Yozana is another scheme which was started in 1993. The aim of the programme is to create self-employment opportunities for educated unemployed youth in rural areas and small towns. They are helped in setting up small business and industries. Rural Employment Generation Programme was launched in 1995. The aim of the programme is to create self-employment opportunities in rural areas and small towns. A target for creating 25 lakh new jobs has been set for the programme under the Tenth Five Year plan. Swarnajayanti Gram Swarozgar Yojana was launched in 1999. The programme aims at bringing the assisted poor families above the poverty line by organising them into self help groups through a mix of bank credit and government subsidy. Under the Pradhan Mantri Gramodaya Yozana launched in 2000, additional central assistance is given to states for basic services such as primary health, primary education, rural shelter, rural drinking water and rural electrification. The results of these programmes have been mixed. One of the major reasons for less effectiveness is the lack of proper implementation and right targeting. Moreover, there has been a lot of overlapping of schemes. Despite good intentions, the benefits of these schemes are not fully reached to the deserving poor. Therefore, the major emphasis in recent years is on proper monitoring of all the poverty alleviation programmes.

Answer the following MCQs by choosing the most appropriate option:

1. Which of the following is the feature of PMRY?

1. Educated unemployed youth in rural areas are helped in setting up small businesses and industries.

2. Additional central assistance is given to states for basic services such as primary health, primary education etc.

3. Creation of self-employment opportunities in rural areas and small towns.

4. All of these

2. There are two statements marked as Assertion (A) and Reason (R). Read the statements and chose the correct option: Assertion (A): Despite good intentions, the benefits of the schemes are not fully reached to the deserving poor. Reason (R): There is lack of proper implementation and right targeting.

1. Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.

2. Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.

3. A is correct but R is wrong.

4. A is wrong but R is correct.

3. Which of the following statements is irrelevant for MGNREGA?

1. It is an employment-oriented programme.

2. Government provides employment to one person per family for a minimum of 100 days.

3. It is aimed at sustainable development to address the cause of drought.

4. Government provides loans to artisans of handicrafts and women at a low rate of interest.

4. The given extract talks about which aspect of poverty?

1. Inter-State Disparities

2. Causes of Poverty

3. Anti-Poverty Measures

4. Poverty as seen by the government