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Updated: Mar 21, 2021

Soil Erosion

The denudation of the soil cover and subsequent washing down of soil


Causes of Soil Erosion

  • Natural forces - Wind, glacier water

  • Human factors - deforestation, over grazing, construction, mining etc.

  • Defective methods of farming, Ploughing in a wrong way

Types of Soil Erosion

  • Gully Erosion: The running water cuts through the clayey soils and makes deep channels called gullies

  • Sheet erosion: When water flows as a sheet over large areas down a slope. Top soil washed away.

  • Bad Lands: When land become unfit for cultivation eg- ravines.

  • Wind Erosion: Wind blows loose soil off flat or sloping land.

Soil Conservation

  • Contour Ploughing: Ploughing along the contour lines can decelerate the flow of water down the slopes.

  • Terrace Cultivation: Steps can be cut on the slopes making terraces, it restricts soil erosion,

  • Strip Cropping: Large fields can be divided into strips. Strips of grass are left to grow between the crops. This breaks up the force of the wind.

  • Shelter Belts: Planting lines of trees to create shelter. They have helped to stabilize sand dunes.




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